public override byte[] MakeSign(byte[] data, X509Certificate2 cert, SecureString password, string hashAlg)
{
  byte[] baSign = null;
  try
  {
    CspKeyContainerInfo info = ((ICspAsymmetricAlgorithm)cert.PrivateKey).CspKeyContainerInfo;
    CspParameters cp = new CspParameters();
    cp.KeyContainerName = info.KeyContainerName;
    cp.ProviderType = 80;
    cp.Flags = CspProviderFlags.UseExistingKey | CspProviderFlags.UseMachineKeyStore | CspProviderFlags.NoPrompt;
    cp.KeyPassword = password;
    Gost3410_2012_256CryptoServiceProvider.UseMachineKeyStore = true;
    using (Gost3410_2012_256CryptoServiceProvider csp = new Gost3410_2012_256CryptoServiceProvider(cp))
    {
      Gost3411_2012_256CryptoServiceProvider Hash = new Gost3411_2012_256CryptoServiceProvider();
      baSign = csp.SignData(data, Hash);
    }
  }
  catch (CryptographicException e)
  {
    Logger.log.loggingExceptionInformation("Ошибка подписания с помощью CryptoPro", e);
  }
  catch (Exception e)
  {
    Logger.log.loggingExceptionInformation("Общая ошибка работы с крипто провайдером CryptoPro", e);
  }
  return baSign;
}

>csptest.exe -keyset -newkeyset -machinekeyset -makecert -container gost2012

<message>
  <type>
    System.Security.Cryptography.CryptographicException
  </type>
  <description>
    <![CDATA[
      The specified cryptographic service provider (CSP) does not support this key algorithm.
    ]]>
  </description>
  <source>
    <![CDATA[
      CryptoPro.Sharpei.Base
    ]]>
  </source>
  <number>
    -1
  </number>
  <stacktrace>
    <![CDATA[
         at CryptoPro.Sharpei.CPUtils.GetKeyPairHelper(CPCspAlgorithmType keyType, CspParameters parameters, Boolean randomKeyContainer, Int32 dwKeySize, SafeProvHandleCP& safeProvHandle, SafeKeyHandleCP& safeKeyHandle)
at CryptoPro.Sharpei.Gost3410_2012_256CryptoServiceProvider.GetKeyPair()
at CryptoPro.Sharpei.Gost3410_2012_256CryptoServiceProvider..ctor(CspParameters parameters)
at CC.ProviderGost3410_2012_256.MakeSign(Byte[] data, X509Certificate2 cert, SecureString password, String hashAlg)
    ]]>
  </stacktrace>
</message>